Inclusion Of Special Needs For Students With Disabilities

Over the course of structuring the education system to include students with disabilities, there has being an ongoing research topic of inclusion. Inclusion, in this area, means the full inclusion of students with special needs in the general education classroom. The research and the debates about the issue of whether or not there should be full inclusion of Special Education students in all general education classrooms in all public schools throughout the United States rages on. The number of students with special needs that are included in regular education classrooms in public schools has swollen, and the educational philosophy and movement have grown and have been adopted and practice, as well. The questions remains, Is this new†¦show more content†¦In the first research paper written by Dr. Lorna Idol (2006), the purpose of this program evaluation was to examine and describe how special education services were provided in four elementary schools and four secondary scho ols in a large, metropolitan school district in a southwestern city. The primary intent of this program evaluation was to determine how much, if any, inclusion of students with disabilities in general education classes was occurring in these eight schools. Another intent of the study was to better understand how each school provided for students with disabilities in the least restrictive environment, as mandated in the education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975 and further clarified through the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA- 1990). Overall, the findings of these interviews strongly support the practice of including students with special education challenges in general education programs. Several key factors that were explored in this program evaluation can guide educators in more fully activating the full potential of inclusion and the least restrictive placement concept of special education. The study reviewed is a qualitative and quantitative methods review of two schools and their special education models, one inclusive and the other pull-out. Individualized Education Plan (IEP) goals and objectives, classroom

Descartes s Theory Of Knowledge Essay - 1435 Words

Descartes begins his Meditation observing that there have been many occasions in the past when he had thought he was acquiring important knowledge yet subsequently discovering to have been mistaken. Therefore he aims to find a method that will render the research absolutely immune from the very possibility of error. The method of doubt is not only an epistemological method, but successfully fulfills the purpose of Descartes by helping to achieve important metaphysical results. One fundamental reason Descartes gives his readers to doubt everyday beliefs about the world, is to build up a system of reliable knowledge. To do so it is necessary that he gets rid of all the unreliable beliefs he might have had. He notices that most of us tend to manage life though ad hoc revisionism, which he finds inadequate. His most powerful reason becomes clear when Descartes presents our collective beliefs in the image of an imaginative house, which unlike most houses, is entirely ad hoc. This house is the metaphor for the course of human life: with no blueprint or architectural drawing. No three years old makes any sort of long term plan. Would we really want our position in the world to be determined by a three years old? The meditations offer a chance to start over by demolition of our old dwelling. By illustrating what is weakest in the science (the lack of a guiding principle e.g. blueprint), Descartes wished to offer the basis for the new science. Scientia (knowledge) extends toShow MoreRelatedDescartes s Theory Of Knowledge1834 Words   |  8 PagesDescartes theorized that in order to acquire knowledge, there essentially is some rational technique for attaining it, and that the expenditure of the senses, or any other individual capability was not a dependable basis. In his third meditation he says, â€Å"I know that even bodies are not perceived by the senses, or by the faculty of imagination, but by the intellect alone (69). As a rationalist Descartes supposed that this withstood identically for everyone, that all people have rational learned conceptsRead MoreDescartes s Theory Of Knowledge1778 Words   |  8 PagesDescartes’s theory of knowledge is essentially based in skepticism. He argued that in order to understand the world, first a person has to completely suspend their judgements of the world around them. This is the impression that the world makes on their mind. In this way, the physical world is not what leads to knowledg e. Instead, the mind finds rationally seeks knowledge. The question is, essentially, â€Å"should we believe beyond the evidence?† (Kessler, 2013, p. 332). In this way, the ideasRead MoreDavid Hume And Renee Descartes s Theories Of Knowledge And Ideas1356 Words   |  6 PagesPhilosophers David Hume and Renee Descartes have opposing views about the origination of ideas. Hume claims that all ideas are copies of impressions, which come from sensation. Descartes disagrees with this, arguing that in order to obtain knowledge, there must be a rational method for obtaining it, and that the senses are not a reliable source. This essay will present both philosopher’s arguments and compare and contrast each perspective regarding matters of knowledge and ideas. I will then argue howRead MoreDescartes Influence on Psychology926 Words   |  4 PagesRunning head: DESCARTES INFLUENCE ON PSYCHOLOGY Descartes Influence on Psychology DESCARTES INFLUENCE ON PSYCHOLOGY Renà © Descartes was a famous French mathematician, scientist, and philosopher throughout the mid 1600’s. He is often regarded as the father of modern philosophy; however, his highly influential ideas have also impacted many other scientific fields, including the world of psychology. Descartes contributions in philosophy and biology have had a significant influence on modernRead MoreDescartes Dualism And The Mind Body Theory1322 Words   |  6 PagesDescartes’ Dualism Rene Descartes dualism states that the mind and body are separate entities. The mind is a nonphysical, non-spatial substance; the mind and brain are separate existences, the brain is a part of the physical body and serves as a connection between the body and mind. Dualism is a hot topic of argument on whether the theory holds any validity or if it holds any truth. However, Cartesian dualism is a credible theory and has a lot of support to verify it. One major point in DescartesRead MorePropelling Rational Thought Over Compelling Empiricism1459 Words   |  6 Pages In this paper I intend to examine the rationalist philosophy of Rene Descartes and fundamental empiricism of John Locke’s philosophical arguments, in particular their ideas relating to the science of man, his identity and attempt to explain distinctions between the two. As I lay the framework of my argument it is important to understand the precepts that serve as the underpinning for the views considered by Descartes and Locke respectively. Rationalism and empiricism are two modes of thoughtRead MoreHuman Behavior And The Functions Of Humans1632 Words   |  7 Pagestest possible theories and proceed with experiments that could help bring answers to society. The biggest thing with Science is that theories and hypotheses must be falsifiable and replicable. Science must have terms that can be universally used and understood by everyone. Descartes, James, Freud and Skinner all had trouble grasping that idea. Flanagan goes into detail about these famous old-time philosophers tha t all had different opinions on the mind-body problem and self-knowledge, and all usedRead MoreEssay about Rene Descartes Impact on the Scientific Method923 Words   |  4 PagesRene Descartes Impact on the Scientific Method People have always thought about the world around them. Through the centuries they have wondered about what their surroundings were made of. Modern science has proven to be most effective in explaining our environment. What makes modern science superior to the ancient schools of thought is the employment of the scientific method. The man credited to a great extent with the development of the scientific method is Renà © Descartes, a French philosopherRead MoreDescartes Second Argument For The Existence Of God1642 Words   |  7 PagesPaper: Descartes’ Second Argument for the Existence of God As with almost all of Descartes inquiries the roots of his second argument for the existence of God begin with his desire to build a foundation of knowledge that he can clearly and distinctly perceive. At the beginning of the third meditation Descartes once again recollects the things that he knows with certainty. The problem arises when he attempts to clearly and distinctly understand truths of arithmetic and geometry. Descartes has enoughRead MoreThe Philosophy Of Mind And The Body1646 Words   |  7 Pagesanticipate and explain the individual’s behavior in terms of states. Dualism, a philosophy most defended by Rene Descartes, Believed that there are two concepts to philosophy, regarding the mind and the body. Dualism, is possibly the oldest and the most intuitive of the philosophies of mind, however within the modern psychology, this philosophy is a minority view among psychologists. This theory states that the mental cannot exist outside of the body, and the body is unable to think. It refers to reality

Khan Academy Free Essays

With the Khan-Academy systematics, I feel that it is actually a tool that helps many others like myself who may be attending math classes in school. As a child in elementary school, the Internet program helped me start filling the â€Å"Swiss cheese† gaps Khan talked about. The â€Å"Swiss cheese† gaps, are the things people didn’t learn while they were in math classes, where the teacher simply did not go into great detail of explaining. We will write a custom essay sample on Khan Academy or any similar topic only for you Order Now The way the gaps began to be filled, was that it actually challenged me to a greater potential that I thought could not be achieved. In fact many others in my class treated the program as a game in a good way, as on the Internet program one wins a copious amount of prizes in which we used to brag to each other on. To win prizes they may consist of answering a specific amount of questions or becoming persistent at working with Khan-Academy. Something the program has definitely made up is the intolerable position in which unfit teachers put there students into. The math teachers usually do not help enough or teach only one way, and this is the full reason on why some student actually end up failing their classes. With Khan-Academy some how the student that ended up failing their math classes, now have grades like the visually impaired gifted ones, which also may show how poorly the teachers may have taught their students. Another good point Khan made happen to be the interactions that started to make place amongst the student of classes, in which the ones that did not understand the lessons could know get taught by other students that may have had a full understanding of whatever the problem or problems were. A way the Khan-Academy is assuring that the help that is given is accurate, is that within the program itself it has a way a keeping track who is excelling, and who may not be. Either way one may take the program, it benefits everyone in a various amount of ways and has been a major help in classes across America by helping student who did not excel in math class before. How to cite Khan Academy, Essay examples

Corporation Act Case of Daniels v Anderson

Question: Discuss about the Corporation Act Case of Daniels v Anderson. Answer: Issue Under the Corporation Act 2001 (CTH): The issues, arises the decision of Gordon, can upgrade the actual idea of Jamie who can accept to rescue the company from economic collapse. Now the case was involves criticized the business operation in consideration with the regulations of corporations Act 2001. Law As per the case study, this case, it could be said that the regulations of Corporation Act 2001 needs a company and management to disclose the organizational document with respect to the business details. The regulations of Corporation Act 2001 section 180- 197 presents the facts where the directors of the company also act as per due diligence, good faith and integrity by utilizing the position and equal information within the company. In section 191- 196 of Corporation Act requires the directors of the company to provide all the relatable disclosure depend on the business activities for avoid the potential conflict of interest and to prevent insolvent trading. Section 180 (2) of the Corporations Act 2001 established that sometime taking a business decision or judgment, it is essential to take decisions by allow the exact business purpose and in good faith. It is also establish that the directors of the company must never have any material interest at the time of taking any business project or subject matter for business operations. The regulation of this act also provides that the directors can be applied to take business decisions based on the best interest of company where they together work with the benefits of the companys stakeholders. Application As per the case study, the regulations of Corporation Act for duties of directors and managers to be performed while considering business decisions, it can be said the present case involves many issues for performing the business activities for providing meals to the school. As per the rulings held in case of Healey v Australian Securities and Investments Commission (2011) FCA 717, court added that the directors of the company failed to provide appropriate disclosure for liabilities and debts. It was held that the director of the company failed to provide information on short- term guarantees and other short- term liabilities, reflecting the breach of section 180(1) affecting the companys true and fair view. Accordingly, it can be said that in the present situation, Gordon noticed the huge loss within the business but failed to disclose the information about the lack of money to pay debts. Again in the case of Daniels v Anderson (1994) SC of IL, the court contended the equitable conversion, the party breached the regulations for not providing the duty with due care as well as appropriate skill. Similarly, in the present case it has been noted that the concerned person of the company failed to disclose the failure of business project at the time of giving the idea of up gradation in the original business plan was also not disclosed. Conclusion According the case study, the directors of the company failed to disclose proper information, which gives results of in huge loss in the business income, Gordon, could be said to have breached the regulations of section 180. Accordingly, Gordon had recommended reviewing the actions of the directors and filing a legal application for breach of regulation.

Miranda vs Arizona free essay sample

The Fifth Amendment allows a person the right against self-incrimination. As well as, The Sixth Amendment gives a person the right to counsel if they are facing criminal prosecution. During the interrogation, Mr. Miranda confessed to the rape and kidnapping of the 17-year-old woman. He then proceeded to sign a written confession. It was only at the time that he signed his written confession that he signed a paper that listed his rights and the fact that he understood them. At Miranda’s trial, the arresting officers took the stand and admitted that they did not inform him of his rights. It was also a law in Arizona at that time, that it was standard procedure to make a suspect aware of their constitutional rights. Miranda’s counsel in turn appealed his conviction at the Superior court level and failed. So they appealed the conviction at The U. S. Supreme Court of Appeals. We will write a custom essay sample on Miranda vs Arizona or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In Miranda’s appeal, Miranda’s counsel was not mitigating the fact that Miranda had admitted that he kidnapped and raped the young woman, but his confession should not be used against him in the criminal trial, because he was not aware of his right against self-incrimination, or his right to have counsel. This case was heard before Chief Justice Earl Warren, in which four attorneys’ presented arguments. The first attorney to present his argument was Miranda’s attorney. His argument was that a man with only an eighth grade education, should not be expected to know his constitutional rights. As well as because they did not inform him of this constitutional rights, they robbed him of his due process. The second attorney to provide his argument indicated that Miranda not only willingly gave and signed his confession but moreover, was given a written document that stated his rights and was questioned if he understood them. The third attorney to deliver his argument was from New York. He agreed that Miranda should have been informed of his right to counsel to ensure his due process. Due to the negligence on part of the arresting officers, the case should be reviewed. The final attorney to present his argument indicated that it should not be the job of the law enforcement to let a suspect know that he has the right to counsel. If he requests for counsel he should not be deprived of it, but it should not be upon the officers to offer it to him. He also stated that an attorney should not even be allowed to be involved in a case until the conclusion of the interrogation stage. His thought process behind this was that an attorney of a suspect, should be able to defend his client, and to get his client out of the charges if they were wrongfully charged. Also by permitting the attorney to be present there would be more guilty people not being convicted based on technicalities. Upon voting, five men who voted in favor of what are now referred to as Miranda Warnings were: Warren, Black, Douglas, Brennan, and Fortas. The four men opposed to Miranda Warnings were Clark, Harlan, Stewart, and White. The five men in favor of this ruling believed that in order to ensure the Bill of Rights, a suspect must entirely comprehend the rights given to him. The Bill of Rights are defined as â€Å"a section or addendum in a constitution, defining the situations in which a politically organized society will permit free, spontaneous, and individual activity, and guaranteeing the governmental powers will not be used in certain ways†. (Black’s Law Dictionary, 1999, pg. 160). Also According to Black’s Law Dictionary (1999), in the U. S. Constitution, the Bill of Rights are the first Ten Amendments. As an outcome of the Miranda v. Arizona case ruling, The Miranda Rights, came about. The Miranda Rights state that any suspect in custody of law enforcement, must be informed of their constitutional rights. More specifically, the rights included in the Fifth and Sixth Amendments of the Constitution. As well as a result of this ruling, law enforcement officers must read the suspect their Miranda Rights prior to interrogation. If this is not completed, any facts given by a suspect during interrogation cannot be used in court against that person. The full Miranda Rights read as â€Å"You have the right to remain silent. Anything you say can and will be used against you in court. You have the right to talk to a lawyer for advice before we ask you any questions, and to have him with you during questioning. If you cannot afford a lawyer, one will be appointed for you before any questioning if you wish. If you decide to answer questions now w/o a lawyer present, you will have the right to stop answering at any time. You also have the right to stop answering at any time and may talk with a lawyer before deciding to speak again. Do you wish to talk or not? Do you want a lawyer? † The Miranda rights were incorporated into due process after the ruling in the Miranda v. Arizona case in 1966. In the history of law, there have been many landmark cases that have changed our due process. The Miranda case is unquestionably one of the most significant when it comes to the rights of Americans during court proceedings. The understanding of law will change as time moves on, and can be interpreted differently from person to person. There will always be more landmark cases to come which will forever change our laws in this nation. References 1. Editor in chief Garner, B. A. , Black’s Law Dictionary, (1999), retrieved 4/17/2013 2. Schmallager, F. (2011). Criminal justice today: An introductory text for the 21st century (11th ed. ) Upper Saddle River, NJ. Pearson/Prentice Hall Retrieved 4/17/2013 3. Landmark Cases of the U. S. Supreme Court. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. streetlaw. org/en/landmark/cases/miranda_v_arizona

3 Problems with In-Line Lists

3 Problems with In-Line Lists 3 Problems with In-Line Lists 3 Problems with In-Line Lists By Mark Nichol An in-line list, one located within a sentence rather than formatted vertically below an explanatory phrase, sentence, or paragraph, may present an obstacle to comprehension in the following ways. Each sentence represents a different type of error, and the discussion that follows each statement explains the problem and a revision resolves it. 1. Organizations must notify affected individuals of a data breach when a reasonable person would conclude that the unauthorized access to, disclosure or loss of the information would be likely to result in serious harm to the individual or individuals.   In this sentence, there should be three distinct phrases consisting of a noun followed by a preposition, but disclosure is bereft of the latter; either allow it to share one, or give it its own: â€Å"Organizations must notify affected individuals of a data breach when a reasonable person would conclude that the unauthorized access to or disclosure or loss of the information would be likely to result in serious harm to the individual or individuals†Ã‚  or â€Å"Organizations must notify affected individuals of a data breach when a reasonable person would conclude that the unauthorized access to, disclosure of, or loss of the information would be likely to result in serious harm to the individual or individuals.†Ã‚   2. Typically, the best companies: are customer-focused; understand their value proposition; develop powerful and distinctive messaging; and listen well and act to improve their processes, products, and customer experience continuously. No colon or other punctuation mark is necessarily to signal that an in-line list follows the subject of the sentence; it is redundant to the verb(s) it precedes: â€Å"Typically, the best companies are customer-focused; understand their value proposition; develop powerful and distinctive messaging; and listen well and act to improve their processes, products, and customer experience continuously.† This is true as well for vertical lists, unless the introductory wording constitutes an independent clause- compare â€Å"Typically, the best companies [vertical list follows]† and â€Å"Typically, the best companies demonstrate the following qualities: [vertical list follows].† Note, too, that with the latter format, the list items would have to be revised to be complete sentences or to not begin with a verb. 3. Its long list of supporters includes Kobe Bryant, swimmer Janet Evans, Venus and Serena Williams and other sports royalty. When the style a publication adheres to calls for omitting the serial comma in simple lists (â€Å"a, b and c†), the serial comma must still be employed on occasion to clarify organization when a compound list item occurs: â€Å"Its long list of supporters includes Kobe Bryant, swimmer Janet Evans, Venus and Serena Williams, and other sports royalty.† (This rule applies for list forms â€Å"a and b, c, and d,† â€Å"a, b and c, and d,† or â€Å"a, b, and c and d,† as well as â€Å"a and b, c and d, and e† and so on.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Writing a Reference Letter (With Examples)16 Misquoted QuotationsKn- Words in English

Sex and Violence in Popular Culture Research Paper - 1

Sex and Violence in Popular Culture - Research Paper Example Sex is usually equaled to gender as they are interchangeably used in everyday conversations. In reality, sex and gender are different. The former relates to physiological characteristic as the latter is a social concept. Sex is also an act that shows physical contact for procreation. Gender depends upon sets of social norms affected by culture and tradition that set apart males from females (Wilson 1-2). The other term to define is violence. Violence responds to conflict as harm is afflicted physically, emotionally or mentally on other people as a result of human action. Violence includes social injustices such as racism and poverty (Daoust 290). Both of them are linked to popular culture. Popular culture deals with the everyday living of people as the theme reflects the lives of the common people (Browne 5). The study deals with the negative effects of the prevailing images shown by the popular culture to the increasing cases of sex and violence as the two societal problems occur in the recent years in response to what the majority people believe. As people throughout their lives seek for learning about the world and its meanings, interactions happen as the humans in the society share experiences. People have roles to play in their lives as the society dictates as standards and acceptable behavior. The roles do not have strict and rigid boundaries as people can have various roles that show flexibility. People can take charge of their lives and choose particular roles to play. Play is important in socialization and building of the personalities of people as personalities affect the roles that people play. In terms of personality traits, the gender is also affected. Nowadays the availability of television programs and video games are widely used by people for information and relaxation. Such popular media affect the roles of women as the